Oil-burner.



PATENTE-1) MAY 5, 1903.

J. MODBRMOTT.

v OIL BURNER.

` APPLIoA'rIoN FILED rma. 4. 1902.

N0 MODEL.

ml' onms reruns oa. wenn Y NrrE STATES Patented May 5, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN MCDERMO'IT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERI- CANCRUDE OIL BURNER CO., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A COR- PORATION OFCALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 727,415, dated May 5,1903.

Application filed February 4, 1902. Serial No. 92,540. (No model.)

Francisco, in the county of San Francisco andV State of California,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specilication.

My invention relates to apparatus for burning oil as fuel, and moreparticularly to that lo type of such apparatus described and shown in anapplication for Letters Patent filed by me April 3, 1901, under theSerial No. 54,145. The main feature of that apparatus comprised aconstruction whereby oil escaping from an outlet at the end of a pipe orpassage is mingled with steam at the point of exit and in a contractedmixing-space before reaching the burner proper, making an incompletemixture of oil and steam, which I do not regard as suitable forcombustion. This incomplete mixture is then carried beyond such spaceand into the burner proper, Where it is subjeeted to a second andindependent mixing and treatment with steam just before it es-v shown asubstantially complete combustion of the oil without leaving anyresiduum in the form of coked or carbonized asphaltum, soot, duc.

My present invention is an improvement in details of construction, theessential features of the invention described in the applicationreferred to being fully preserved.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 2is a plan. Fig. 3 is a cross-section at @c :n of Fig. 1, indicated byarrow 1. Fig. 4 is the cross-section at a: of Fig. 1, indicated by arrow2. Fig. 5 is a cross-section at y y of Fig. 1.

The oil-pipe Il can be connected to any suitable oil-forcing pump, andan intermediate oil-heater can be employed for warming the oil, as shownin my application referred to, or if the oil is of a kind which willfeed freely it can supply the pipe H by gravity from an elevated tank.Surrounding the oilpipe is another pipe or casingL of greater diameter,so that a space is left between. In

actual construction a coupling 1 is threaded upon pipe L, which isclosed by a cap 2,

through which the oil-pipe passes, the cap being made tight by astuflng-box 3. The forward end of the oil-pipe projects beyond thecasingLand enters andis supported by a plug or diaphragm 4, having aseries of perforations 5 and an external screw-thread. The contractedspace o r chamber in which the first mixture of Voil and steam is madeis a tapered coupling R, having an internal thread and so connected tothe endof pipe L and also to the diaphragm 4. The latter has a cupped orbeveled inner edge, so as to make a smooth joint with the inner surfaceof coupling R.

The burner .I is preferably connected to coupling R by a threaded sleeve11. This burner is in general shape and construction similar to the onedescribed and shown in. the application before referred to, but differsin details of construction. It is composed of two concave-convex plates,having side flanges by which they are secured together and which arerabbeted at their adjoining front edges to produce a long curved slit,

whichistheburner-oritice. Extending across the interior is a horizontaldeflecting-plate 6,

turned up and closed at the rear, as shown at 7, which extends nearly tothe burner-slit.

Beneath this deiiector is a shallow slightlytaperedopen-ended box orpassage 8, which,

like a nozzle, directs the mixture of oil and steam to the slit.

M represents a steam-pipe having a regulating-cock 9 and a branch M',which enters the coupling 1, and so supplies steam to the space aroundthe oil-pipe. Another steam branch S extends from pipe M, enters theburner .I on top and immediately above the deiiector 6, and is providedwith a regulatingcock 10.

In operation the burner is properly set under the boiler, passingthrough the furnacedoor or furnace-wall, and oil is admitted to the pipeII under pressure of the pump or otherwise. Steam is admitted inregulated quantity through both steam branches. The steam in the spacesurrounding the oil-pipe escapes in jets through the holes in the plugand mingles with the oil as it leaves pipe H. This 'first mingling takesplace in the contracted space beyond the oil-outlet,the inner wall ofwhich is studded with any sufcient number of projections or pins l2,preferably spirally disposed. The contraction of this space tends toretard the flow of the mixture, and a more or less thorough but stillincomplete mingling takes place, the oil being partially broken up intoglobules enveloped in steam, in which action the projections 12 assist.i

In oil-burners now operated with steam combustion of this mixture isattempted; but although the mixture will burn the atomization is notcomplete enough for perfect combustion, and this is proven by the smokecomposed of unconsumed carbon and watery vapor invariably given olf atthe furnace-stack. I make no attempt to burn this mixture; but instead Iallow it to pass into the burner proper and through the narrow passage8. Just before it escapes from 4the burner the mixture is struck,penetrated by, and mingled with the altogether independent steamsupplyfrom the branch S, which, deflected by the plate 6, has a general coursetoward the orifice. The effect of this second treatment is to completelybreak up the globules and atomize the oil, so that what actually issuesfrom the orifice is really an oil-and- Water gas of a quality that isperfectly combustible and burns without residuum and practically withoutsmoke. The tangible result is a fan-shaped combustion which can bemanipulated through the controlling-cocks from a feeble candle-likeappearance to a tierce flame many feet long and of great intensit-y. Allthis is accomplished Without any blowpipe action or forcing by thesteam, such as is the case when steam is admitted behind the oil as afeeding and propelling force.

The influence of the steam as a feeding means, if there is any, ismerely incidental, J

as the injective action at the oil-outlet is very slight.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In an oil-burner, a steam-chamber, a contracted mixing-tube connectedto its forward end, a burner connected to said mixingtube, a steam-pipeentering said steam-chamber near its rear end, a branch from said pipeentering directly into the burner and an oilpipe passing through thesteam-chamber and into the mixing-tube.

2. In an oil-burner, a steam -chamber, a steam-pipe entering suchchamber near the rear end thereof, a contracted mixing-tube with whichthe front end of said chamber communicates, a perforated diaphragmadjacent to said front end, an oil-pipe passing through said chamber andhaving its front end supported by said diaphragm, a burner connected tothe mixing-tube, and a steampipe directly connected to the burner.

3. A burner comprising a hollow chamber having a narrow slot orburner-orifice, an inlet for oil and steam thereto, a separate inlet forsteam directly thereto so that steam admitted through said separateinlet will be mixed with oil and steam in the burner itself, a deliectorWithin the burner and opposite the steam-inlet, and a passage or nozzlewithin the burner and adjacent to the said deflector.

4. In an oil-burner the combination with an oil-pipe and a steam-spacesurrounding it, of a contracted mixing-tube connecting with bothoil-pipe and steam-space, a burnerchamber beyond and connected to thecontracted mixing-tube, and interior superficial projections in saidmixing-tube between the oil-pipe and the burner.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of twoWitnesses, this 8th day of January, 1902.

JOHN MCDERMOTT.

Witnesses:

L. W. SEELY, J. J. BURT.

